Table Tennis was introduced to the people of China in 1901 by the Westerners who settled in their country. The Chinese people enjoyed the recreational game immensely and played regularly. Their natural ability and dedication to training would eventually lead them to dominate the sport. China entered the World Championships for the first time in 1953. Six years later, Rong Guotuan became the first Chinese athlete to win a World Championship title in any sport. The country enjoyed the recognition of being at the top and began to dedicate extensive resources to training other potential champions and to experiment with equipment modifications. In 1961, with extensive training, Zhuang Zedong won the Men’s Singles Title for China at the World Championships and returned to defend and retain his title three consecutive years. Chinese athlete Xhang Xi Lin further cemented his country’s reputation as table tennis leaders when he became the first athlete to use a combination bat during play. Dedication and innovation are two words used often when describing the Chinese table tennis system.
During a difficult time in China, from around 1965 to 1971, while under the rule of Ma Tse-Tung, China disappeared from the table tennis world stage. They continued to train, but did not compete in international competitions. China was essentially shut off from most of the world during this time. In 1971, the sport of table tennis acted as an equalizer to help mend broken bridges. Love of the game enabled teams from several countries to come together in China for a series of friendship matches. These matches acted as a catalyst to re-open communication between the United States and China. Chinese Premier, Zhou Enlai, proclaimed that the USA table tennis team’s visit to China had opened the door for people- to- people exchanges between China and the United States.
When China returned to the table tennis scene they made their presence felt. In 1981, the Chinese athletes won all seven gold medals at the World Championships held in Yugoslavia. The Chinese athletes dominated the field from this point forward, with few exceptions. In 1995, Chinese athletes once again won all seven gold medals at the World Championships, this time held in China. They repeated this feat time and time again: at the World Championships in Japan in 2001, in 2005 at the World Championships in China, 2007 in Croatia, and at the championship of all championships, China won all of the Gold Medals at the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing.
The table tennis community acknowledges that China is a formidable opponent. They also recognize the high level of skill achieved by the average Chinese player who lives and trains in China. Athletes from around the world flock to China to train with the exceptional coaches who train the Chinese team. The level of talent in China is so great that athletes who are ranked as some of the best players in the world are not able to earn a spot on their own national team. In the past these players have left China and become citizens of other countries where they would be able to play on a national team. The ITTF has decided this is not a fair practice and has implemented changes to prevent Chinese players from moving to a new country for the sole purpose of being able to play on a national team.
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